The key components of a lightning risk assessment include identifying the structure's exposure to lightning, calculating the probability of a strike using regional lightning density data, and assessing the consequences of potential impacts, such as damage to electrical systems or human safety risks. Additionally, the evaluation considers the effectiveness of existing lightning protection systems and determines if upgrades are needed. Risk mitigation measures, like surge protection devices and grounding systems, are then recommended. Compliance with standards, such as IEC 62305, ensures a systematic approach. Regular review of the lightning risk assessment helps maintain safety and reliability over time.