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1. What is SEO?

SEO is the practice of optimizing websites to improve their rankings on search engines like Google, Bing, and Yahoo. The goal is to increase organic (non-paid) traffic by making the website more relevant and valuable to users.
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2. Key Components of SEO

A. On-Page SEO (Optimizing Content & Website Elements)

• Keywords: Use relevant terms people search for.
• Title Tags & Meta Descriptions: Optimize for clicks and relevance.
• Header Tags (H1, H2, H3, etc.): Structure content properly.
• URL Optimization: Keep URLs clean and keyword-rich.
• Internal Linking: Link related content within your site.
• Image Optimization: Use alt text and compress images for speed.
• Mobile-Friendly Design: Ensure the site is responsive.

B. Off-Page SEO (Building Authority)

• Backlinks: Get links from high-quality websites.
• Social Signals: Social media engagement can help indirectly.
• Guest Posting: Write for other sites to gain exposure.
• Brand Mentions: Unlinked mentions still add authority.

C. Technical SEO (Improving Site Performance)

• Site Speed: Faster websites rank better.
• XML Sitemap: Helps search engines understand site structure.
• Robots.txt: Guides search engines on what to index.
• Structured Data (Schema Markup): Helps search engines understand content better.
• HTTPS: Secure websites rank higher.

D. Local SEO (Optimizing for Local Searches)

• Google My Business (GMB): Essential for local businesses.
• NAP Consistency: Name, Address, and Phone number must be the same across platforms.
• Local Citations: Listings in directories like Yelp, Yellow Pages, etc.

3. Types of SEO

1. White Hat SEO - Ethical, Google-approved techniques.
2. Black Hat SEO - Spammy, risky tactics that can lead to penalties.
3. Gray Hat SEO - Somewhere in between—risky but not entirely against rules.